THE GREAT MOLASSES FLOOD OF BOSTON 1919

DROWNING IN MOLASSES — SHOW NOTES
Overview
On January 15, 1919, Boston’s North End was shattered by one of the strangest and most devastating industrial disasters in American history: the Great Molasses Flood. A massive steel tank—poorly built, poorly maintained, and filled to the brim with fermenting molasses—exploded without warning. A tidal wave of sticky, suffocating syrup tore through the neighborhood at nearly 35 miles per hour, killing 21 people, injuring more than 150, and leaving a path of destruction that took years to fully repair.

Key Themes
• Corporate negligence — The tank’s owners ignored repeated warnings, complaints, and visible leaks.
• Human cost — Ordinary residents, laborers, and children were caught in a disaster no one imagined possible.
• Chaos and heroism — First responders fought to save lives in a landscape transformed into a suffocating swamp.
• Legal aftermath — The resulting lawsuit became one of the first major class‑action cases in U.S. history.
• Legacy — The disaster reshaped building regulations and industrial safety standards nationwide.

Historical Background
• The tank belonged to the United States Industrial Alcohol Company, which rushed its construction during WWI to meet demand for industrial alcohol.
• Residents complained for years that the tank leaked so badly children collected molasses in cups.
• The company painted the tank brown to hide the leaks rather than fix them.
• On the morning of the explosion, temperatures rose rapidly, fermenting the molasses and increasing internal pressure.

The Explosion
• At 12:40 p.m., the tank ruptured with a sound witnesses compared to machine‑gun fire or a collapsing building.
• A 25‑foot‑high wave of molasses surged outward, destroying buildings, buckling elevated train tracks, and sweeping people and horses into the harbor.
• The nearby firehouse was crushed, trapping firefighters in a rising pool of syrup.
• Survivors described the molasses as “quicksand”—thick, heavy, and impossible to escape.

Casualties and Damage
• 21 dead, including workers, children, and first responders.
• 150+ injured, many permanently.
• Entire blocks were coated in molasses up to three feet deep.
• Cleanup took months, and the smell lingered in the North End for decades.

Investigation and Lawsuit
• The company blamed anarchists and sabotage.
• Investigators found:
• Thin steel plates
• Poor riveting
• No engineering oversight
• Ignored warning signs
• After a lengthy trial, the company was found liable and paid $628,000 in damages (about $10 million today).
• The case helped establish modern building inspection and safety standards.